The malfunction and damage of transformer substations are reviewed by severe earthquakes at home and abroad in recent years. The main failure characteristics and causes of different power facilities, such as buildings, porcelain electrical equipments, transformers, bus and so on, are emphatically analyzed. In addition, the domestic and overseas research and development of aseismatic measures in transformer substations is introduced. At last, the prediction and expectation are proposed for aseismatic research of transformer substation．