“双碳”目标下风氢联合系统参与现货市场的优化运行与效益分析

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.07.001

电力建设 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 1-12.doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.07.001

• 双碳目标驱动下的能源电力经济与市场机制·栏目主持文福拴教授、刘敦楠教授· • 上一篇下一篇

“双碳”目标下风氢联合系统参与现货市场的优化运行与效益分析

时维帅¹(), 孙欣¹(), 谢敬东²(), 严佳嘉¹(), 张誉匀¹()

1.上海电力大学电气工程学院, 上海市 200090
2.上海电力大学能源电力科创中心, 上海市 200090

收稿日期:2022-01-25 出版日期:2022-07-01 发布日期:2022-06-30
通讯作者: 孙欣 E-mail:shi_weishuai@163.com;sunxin@shiep.edu.cn;xie_jd@shiep.edu.cn;smileyanjiajia@163.com;944986237@qq.com
作者简介:时维帅(1996),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为电力市场,E-mail: shi_weishuai@163.com;
谢敬东(1968),男,博士,教授,主要研究方向为电力市场化改革、电力市场监管、智能微电网等,E-mail: xie_jd@shiep.edu.cn;
严佳嘉(1995),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为电力市场、综合能源系统优化,E-mail: smileyanjiajia@163.com;
张誉匀(1996),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为电力市场,E-mail: 944986237@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金智能电网联合基金项目(U2066214)

Optimal Operation and Benefit Analysis of Wind-Hydrogen Combined System in Spot Market with the Double Carbon Goal

SHI Weishuai¹(), SUN Xin¹(), XIE Jingdong²(), YAN Jiajia¹(), ZHANG Yuyun¹()

1. Electric Power Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
2. Energy and Power Innovation Center, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China

Received:2022-01-25 Online:2022-07-01 Published:2022-06-30
Contact: SUN Xin E-mail:shi_weishuai@163.com;sunxin@shiep.edu.cn;xie_jd@shiep.edu.cn;smileyanjiajia@163.com;944986237@qq.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2066214)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“双碳”目标下,电力现货市场成为消纳新能源的重要平台。由于新能源出力具有波动性和不确定性,高比例新能源进入电力市场后将带来新的挑战。电转氢(power to hydrogen,P2H)作为绿色低碳的灵活性调节资源,能够为新能源大比例入网提供新的途径。首先在新能源场站报价报量参与电力市场与常规机组同台竞价的基础上,构建了包含日前和实时两级的上层电能量现货市场竞价交易优化模型。其次对含有P2H的风电场出力进行优化,构建了下层风氢联合系统实时优化模型。最后以改进的IEEE 30节点系统为例分析了“双碳”目标下高比例风电参与现货市场带来的电价波动风险,研究了风氢联合系统参与现货市场的经济性。结果表明风电场配备一定规模的P2H设备能够有效减少风电不确定性给现货市场带来的电价波动风险,提高风电利用率,实现氢的廉价制取,在经济上具有一定可行性。

关键词: 高比例风电, 风电不确定性, 电转氢, 现货市场, 经济性

Abstract:

Under the "double carbon" goal, the electricity spot market has become an important platform for renewable energy consumption. Due to the volatility and uncertainty of new energy, high proportion of new energy will bring new challenges after entering the power market. Power to hydrogen (P2H), as a green and low-carbon flexible regulatory resource, can provide a new way for large proportion of new energy into the grid. Firstly, this paper constructs an optimization model of bidding transaction in the spot market of upper electricity energy including day-ahead and real-time levels on the basis of the participation of quotations from new energy stations in the bidding of electricity market and conventional units. Furthermore, the real-time optimization model of the lower-layer wind-hydrogen combined system is further constructed to optimize the output of the wind farm containing P2H. Finally, the improved IEEE 30-node system is taken as an example to analyze the risk of price fluctuation caused by high proportion of wind power participating in the spot market under the dual carbon target, and the economy of wind-hydrogen combined system participating in the spot market is studied. The results show that the wind farm equipped with a certain scale of P2H can effectively reduce the risk of electricity price fluctuation caused by wind power uncertainty in the spot market, improve the utilization rate of wind power, and realize the cheap production of hydrogen, which is economically feasible.

Key words: high proportion of wind power, wind power uncertainty, power to hydrogen, spot market, economy

中图分类号:

TM73

时维帅, 孙欣, 谢敬东, 严佳嘉, 张誉匀. “双碳”目标下风氢联合系统参与现货市场的优化运行与效益分析[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(7): 1-12.

SHI Weishuai, SUN Xin, XIE Jingdong, YAN Jiajia, ZHANG Yuyun. Optimal Operation and Benefit Analysis of Wind-Hydrogen Combined System in Spot Market with the Double Carbon Goal[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(7): 1-12.

图/表 22

图1 风氢联合系统参与现货市场的双层优化模型

Fig.1 Decision process of wind-hydrogen power system

图2 优化模型数据交流图

Fig.2 Data exchange diagram of optimization model

表1 常规机组参数

Table 1 Parameters of conventional units

表A1 各时段常规机组报价数据

Table A1 Initial investment parameters of wind-hydrogen combined system

表2 风电机组参数

Table 2 Parameters of wind power generators

图3 电力市场各时段负荷需求

Fig.3 Load demand of power market in each period

图4 95%置信度水平下的风电场实际出力区间

Fig.4 Actual range of wind power at 95% confidence level

图5 无P2H时风电利用率情况

Fig.5 Wind power utilization without P2H

图6 55 MW P2H时风电利用率情况

Fig.6 Wind power utilization at 55MW P2H

表3 不同P2H容量下风电利用率情况

Table 3 Wind power utilization under different P2H capacities

表A2 风氢联合系统初始投资参数

Table A2 Quotation parameters of conventional units in each period

图7 单位氢气的平准化成本

Fig.7 Levelized cost per unit of hydrogen

图8 风电场日收益随P2H容量的变化趋势

Fig.8 Trend of daily income of wind farm with P2H capacity

图9 无P2H时日前分时电价随风电渗透率的变化情况

Fig.9 The variation of day-ahead electricity price with wind power penetration without P2H

图10 无P2H时日前平均电价随风电渗透率的变化情况

Fig.10 The variation of day-ahead average price with wind power penetration without P2H

图11 无P2H时不同预测误差下实时电价波动情况

Fig.11 Real-time electricity price fluctuation with different forecast errors without P2H

图12 无P2H时实时与日前市场价差24 h变化趋势

Fig.12 24 h trend of real-time and day-ahead market price difference without P2H

图13 有P2H时不同预测误差下实时电价波动情况

Fig.13 Influence of wind-hydrogen combined system on spot market price

图14 弃风量与电转氢量对比

Fig.14 Comparison of abandoned wind power and hydrogen conversion

表4 不同风氢优化模型对比

Table 4 Comparison of different optimization models

图15 风氢联合系统对常规机组中标电量的影响

Fig.15 Influence of wind-hydrogen combined system on output of conventional units

图16 常规机组2的利润情况

Fig.16 Profit of conventional unit 2

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“双碳”目标下风氢联合系统参与现货市场的优化运行与效益分析

Optimal Operation and Benefit Analysis of Wind-Hydrogen Combined System in Spot Market with the Double Carbon Goal

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