目的 分析碳捕集技术对燃煤电厂调峰能力的影响机制，量化碳捕集技术对燃煤电厂发电效率的影响。 方法 以国内某典型燃煤电厂为例，选取燃烧后碳捕集方案，通过EBSILON软件构建常规燃煤火电机组和碳捕集电厂的模拟模型，得出碳捕集电厂的运行区间，对比分析了碳捕集电厂与常规燃煤电厂的运行结果，对机组的调峰性能的变化展开了研究。 结果 与常规燃煤电厂相比，碳捕集电厂等效输出功率下降了1%~2%，净输出功率下降了20%~30%，全场净效率下降了8%~10%。 结论 碳捕集系统的加入会使电厂在效率降低的同时获得更大的下调峰深度和更快的调峰响应速度。

Objectives The mechanism of the impact of carbon capture technology on the peaking capacity of coal-fired power plants was analyzed, and the impact of carbon capture technology on the power generation efficiency of coal-fired power plants was quantified. Methods A typical coal-fired power plant was used as an example, and a post-combustion carbon capture scheme was selected. The simulation model of the conventional coal-fired thermal power unit and the carbon capture power plant was constructed by EBSILON software. The operation interval of the carbon capture power plant was derived. A comparative analysis of the operation of a carbon capture power plant and a conventional coal-fired power plant was conducted, and the variation in the peaking performance of the units was investigated. Results The equivalent output power of the carbon capture power plant decreases by 1%-2%, the net output power decreases by 20%-30%, and the net efficiency of the whole field decreases by 8%-10% compared with that of the conventional coal-fired power plant. Conclusions The addition of a carbon capture system would allow the plant to gain greater downward peaking depth and faster peaking response while reducing efficiency.

为降低电力系统碳排放量,促进大规模风电的并网与消纳,并考虑风电不确定性给系统运行带来的影响,提出了计及碳捕集和旋转备用容量配置的低碳优化运行方法。首先,对综合灵活运行碳捕集电厂的运行机理和备用原理进行分析。其次,考虑风电与负荷预测误差引起系统运行风险,使用条件风险价值(conditional value-at-risk,CVaR)度量优化运行过程中的风险,以系统各项运行成本最优为目的,建立所提方法的低碳优化调度模型。最后,使用拉丁超立方采样以及场景缩减方法将随机性问题进行确定化处理,以IEEE 39节点系统为例进行分析,验证了碳捕集电厂能够降低CO₂排放和为系统提供旋转备用容量,同时也为调度决策人员提供更多的选择方案,使系统的低碳性、稳健性与经济性得到提升。

This paper proposes a low-carbon optimization methodology that considers carbon capture and rotating standby capacity allocation to reduce the carbon emissions of power systems, promote grid connection and consumption of large-scale wind power, and study the impact of wind power uncertainty on system operation. First, the operating mechanism and standby principle of the integrated flexible operation of a carbon capture plant are analyzed. Second, the system operation risk caused by wind power and load forecast error is considered, and the risk during the optimization process is measured using the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR), and a low-carbon optimal dispatch model of the proposed methodology is established to optimize the operation cost of the system. Finally, the stochastic problem in this paper is determined using Latin hypercubic sampling and scenario reduction. The IEEE 39-node system is analyzed as an example, which verifies that the carbon capture plant can reduce CO₂ emissions and provide rotating standby capacity for the system. Additionally, it provides more options for the scheduling decision-makers to improve the low-carbon optimization, robustness, and economy of the system.

在能源互补和低碳经济的背景下，虚拟电厂(virtual power plant，VPP)是实现区域资源优化配置和新能源消纳的有效载体。在技术层面，通过碳捕集电厂(carbon capture power plant，CCPP)和电转气(power-to-gas，P2G)装置来实现CO₂的循环利用，建立碳捕集电厂-电转气耦合模型，并在负荷侧引入考虑用户满意度的价格型需求响应模型；在低碳政策方面，将阶梯型碳交易机制引入VPP，对碳排放进行约束。然后以总成本最小为目标，建立VPP低碳经济调度模型。通过设置不同调度场景进行对比，验证所建模型在VPP低碳经济运行方面的有效性，并通过敏感性分析探究阶梯碳交易参数对VPP碳排放量与成本的影响，结果表明所建模型对VPP进行低碳经济调度具有指导意义。

Under the background of energy complementarity and low-carbon economy, virtual power plant (VPP) is an effective carrier for achieving optimal allocation of regional resources and new energy consumption. At the technical level,the CO₂ recycling through carbon capture power plant (CCPP) and power-to-gas (P2G) conversion devices was realized, a CCPP-P2G coupling model was established, and a price based demand response model considering user satisfaction on the load side was introduced. In terms of low-carbon policy, the ladder carbon trading mechanism was introduced into VPP to constrain carbon emissions. Then, with the goal of minimizing the total cost, a low-carbon economic dispatch model for VPP was established. By setting different scheduling scenarios for comparison, the effectiveness of the model in low-carbon economy operation of VPP was verified, and the impact of carbon trading parameters on the carbon emissions and costs of VPP was explored through sensitivity analysis. The results show that the model has guiding significance for VPP low-carbon economic scheduling.

在电-气综合能源系统的基础上,加入碳捕集系统以及储碳系统,构建碳捕集-电转气-风电-气电虚拟电厂联合运行模型,分析联合运行模式相较于碳捕集电厂独立运行的优势。其次,考虑风电、负荷的不确定性带来的影响,通过引入模糊参数,建立计及源荷不确定性的模糊机会约束模型,分析不确定性对于碳捕集能力的影响。最后,基于改进的IEEE-39节点系统和天然气20节点算例系统,通过GUROBI求解器验证所提碳捕集虚拟电厂联合运行模型在考虑风电和负荷不确定性下可有效消纳风电、降低系统的碳排放。

On the basis of the electricity-natural gas interconnection system, the carbon capture system and the carbon storage system are added, and the CCS-P2G-WT-GT combined operation model of virtual power plant is established, and the advantages of the combined operation mode is analyzed. Secondly, the influence of wind power and load uncertainty is considered. By introducing fuzzy parameters, a fuzzy opportunity constraint model is stablished to analyze the influence of uncertainty on carbon capture capacity. Finally, based on the improved IEEE-39 power system and the 20-node natural gas calculation example system, the wind power consumption and the carbon emissions reduction of the proposed combined operation model of carbon capture virtual power plant under the condition of considering the uncertainties of wind power and load are verified by the GUROBI solver.