Key Technologies and Development Trends of Zero-Carbon Park Optimization Planning for Energy Internet

doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.12.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Zero-carbon park is one of the key points in the practice of carbon neutralization and emission peak. However, in the context of the new power system, the electric energy supply of the park is characterized by the high integration of water, electricity, gas and heat, strong uncertainty of source-grid-load-storage, and complex and diverse primary and secondary topologies, which makes it difficult for the existing planning and design technologies to meet the application requirements. To this end, this paper discusses the current status, key technologies and future development trends of the optimal planning and design of zero-carbon parks. Firstly, the current status of research on zero-carbon parks and their planning and design technologies is explained from the perspective of energy interconnection. Secondly, the key technologies for optimal planning of zero-carbon parks, including energy-transportation system coupling, multi-energy complementarity, energy gradient utilization, demand response, and progressive planning, are summarized and explained. Finally, the future development trend of park planning is analyzed in terms of sharing concept, digital twin and cloud energy storage, and the technical challenges and research directions of park planning are indicated from the perspectives of concept application, disciplinary intersection, information integration and situational awareness, in order to provide stronger technical support for the development of zero-carbon parks for energy internet in China.

Key words: energy internet, zero-carbon park, optimization planning, development trend

CLC Number:

TM715

SONG Zhuoran, CHENG Mengzeng, NIU Wei, WANG Zongyuan, LIU Jiaheng, GE Leijiao. Key Technologies and Development Trends of Zero-Carbon Park Optimization Planning for Energy Internet[J]. ELECTRIC POWER CONSTRUCTION, 2022, 43(12): 15-26.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Topology of zero-carbon park

Table 1 Equipment composition in a zero-carbon park

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of an energy hub

Fig.3 Key technologies for zero-carbon park planning

Fig.4 The relationship between future challenges and future trends of zero-carbon parks

References 59

[1]	何立峰. 从百年党史中汲取力量全力做好发展改革工作[EB/OL].(2022-01-06) [2022-05-12]. https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/fzggw/wld/hlf/lddt/202201/t20220106_1311522.html?code=&state=123.
[2]	国家能源局. 国家能源局关于印发《2022年能源监管工作要点》的通知[EB/OL].(2022-01-12) [2022-05-12]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2022-01/12/c_1310432975.htm.
[3]	陈娟, 鲁斌, 冯宇博, 等. 共享理念下的区域能源互联网生态系统价值共创模式与机制[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022(2022-01-18) [2022-05-12]. https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.211670.
	CHEN Juan, LU Bin, FENG Yubo, et al. Value co-production model and mechanism of regional energy internet ecosystem under the concept of sharing[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022(2022-01-18) [2022-05-12]. https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.211670.
[4]	葛磊蛟, 汪宇倩, 戚嘉兴, 等. 面向城市能源互联网的电力物联网内涵、架构和关键技术[J]. 电力建设, 2019, 40(9): 91-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.09.011
	GE Leijiao, WANG Yuqian, QI Jiaxing, et al. The content, frameworks and key technologies of power internet of things for urban energy internet[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2019, 40(9): 91-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.09.011
[5]	HUANG W J, DU E S, CAPUDER T, et al. Reliability and vulnerability assessment of multi-energy systems: an energy hub based method[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2021, 36(5): 3948-3959. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2021.3057724 URL
[6]	GE L J, LI Y L, YAN J, et al. Short-term load prediction of integrated energy system with wavelet neural network model based on improved particle swarm optimization and chaos optimization algorithm[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2021, 19(6): 1490-1499.
[7]	王奖, 邓丰强, 张勇军, 等. 园区能源互联网的规划与运行研究综述[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(2): 24-32, 55.
	WANG Jiang, DENG Fengqiang, ZHANG Yongjun, et al. Review on planning and operation research of park energy Internet[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(2): 24-32, 55.
[8]	郑玉平, 王丹, 万灿, 等. 面向新型城镇的能源互联网关键技术及应用[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(14): 2-15.
	ZHENG Yuping, WANG Dan, WAN Can, et al. Key technology and application of energy internet oriented to new-type towns[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(14): 2-15.
[9]	苏小龙. 中国高碳能源向低碳能源转型问题研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江理工大学, 2013.
	SU Xiaolong. Chinese transformation problem research of high-carbon energy to low-carbon energy[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, 2013.
[10]	王晓辉, 季知祥, 周扬, 等. 城市能源互联网综合服务平台架构及关键技术[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(7): 2310-2321.
	WANG Xiaohui, JI Zhixiang, ZHOU Yang, et al. Comprehensive service platform architecture and key technologies of urban energy Internet[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(7): 2310-2321.
[11]	葛磊蛟, 李元良, 刘航旭, 等. 多重异构城市能源互联网络实时仿真的顶层设计[J]. 湖北电力, 2021, 45(5): 77-85.
	GE Leijiao, LI Yuanliang, LIU Hangxu, et al. Top-level design of real-time simulation of multi-heterogeneous urban energy interconnection network[J]. Hubei Electric Power, 2021, 45(5): 77-85.
[12]	林晓明, 张勇军, 陈伯达, 等. 计及多评价指标的园区能源互联网双层优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(20): 8-15, 30.
	LIN Xiaoming, ZHANG Yongjun, CHEN Boda, et al. Bi-level optimal configuration of park energy internet considering multiple evaluation indicators[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(20): 8-15, 30.
[13]	熊宇峰, 陈来军, 郑天文, 等. 考虑电热气耦合特性的低碳园区综合能源系统氢储能优化配置[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(9): 31-38.
	XIONG Yufeng, CHEN Laijun, ZHENG Tianwen, et al. Optimal configuration of hydrogen energy storage in low-carbon park integrated energy system considering electricity-heat-gas coupling characteristics[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(9): 31-38.
[14]	周灿煌, 郑杰辉, 荆朝霞, 等. 面向园区微网的综合能源系统多目标优化设计[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(6): 1687-1697.
	ZHOU Canhuang, ZHENG Jiehui, JING Zhaoxia, et al. Multi-objective optimal design of integrated energy system for park-level microgrid[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(6): 1687-1697.
[15]	徐岩, 张建浩, 张荟. 含冷、热、电、气的园区综合能源系统选址定容规划案例分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2022, 43(1):313-322.
	XU Yan, ZHANG Jianhao, ZHANG Hui. Case analysis on site-selection capacity-determination planning of park integrated energy system with cold,hot,electricity and gas[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2022, 43(1): 313-322.
[16]	田立亭, 程林, 李荣, 等. 基于加权有向图的园区综合能源系统多场景能效评价方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(22): 6471-6483.
	TIAN Liting, CHENG Lin, LI Rong, et al. A multi-scenario energy efficiency evaluation method for district multi-energy systems based on weighted directed graph[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(22): 6471-6483.
[17]	曹严, 穆云飞, 贾宏杰, 等. 考虑建设时序的园区综合能源系统多阶段规划[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(21): 6815-6828.
	CAO Yan, MU Yunfei, JIA Hongjie, et al. Multi-stage planning of park-level integrated energy system considering construction time sequence[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(21): 6815-6828.
[18]	李珂, 邵成成, 王雅楠, 等. 考虑电-气-交通耦合的城市综合能源系统规划[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022(2022-01-19) [2022-05-12]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220118.1425.014.html.
	LI Ke, SHAO Chengcheng, WANG Yanan, et al. Optimal planning of urban integrated energy systems considering electricity-gas-transportation interactions[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022(2022-01-19) [2022-05-12]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220118.1425.014.html.
[19]	陈娟, 黄元生, 鲁斌. 区域能源互联网"站-网"布局优化研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(3): 675-684.
	CHEN Juan, HUANG Yuansheng, LU Bin. Research on "stations-pipelines" layout and optimization of regional energy internet[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(3): 675-684.
[20]	刘涤尘, 彭思成, 廖清芬, 等. 面向能源互联网的未来综合配电系统形态展望[J]. 电网技术, 2015, 39(11):3023-3034.
	LIU Dichen, PENG Sicheng, LIAO Qingfen, et al. Outlook of future integrated distribution system morphology orienting to energy internet[J]. Power System Technology 2015, 39(11): 3023-3034.
[21]	郭创新, 王惠如, 张伊宁, 等. 面向区域能源互联网的"源-网-荷"协同规划综述[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43(9): 3071-3080.
	GUO Chuangxin, WANG Huiru, ZHANG Yining, et al. Review of "source-grid-load" co-planning orienting to regional energy Internet[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43(9): 3071-3080.
[22]	阮前途, 梅生伟, 黄兴德, 等. 低碳城市电网韧性提升挑战与展望[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2022, 42(8): 2819-2830.
	RUAN Qiantu, MEI Shengwei, HUANG Xingde, et al. Challenges and research prospects of resilience enhancement of low-carbon power grid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022, 42(8): 2819-2830.
[23]	王永真, 康利改, 张靖, 等. 综合能源系统的发展历程、典型形态及未来趋势[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(8): 84-95.
	WANG Yongzhen, KANG Ligai, ZHANG Jing, et al. Development history, typical form and future trend of integrated energy system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 84-95.
[24]	朱继忠, 董瀚江, 李盛林, 等. 数据驱动的综合能源系统负荷预测综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(23): 7905-7924.
	ZHU Jizhong, DONG Hanjiang, LI Shenglin, et al. Review of data-driven load forecasting for integrated energy system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(23): 7905-7924.
[25]	夏雪薇, 魏霞, 陈洁, 等. 风电-P2G与燃气采暖多能耦合系统规划分析[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(6): 356-363.
	XIA Xuewei, WEI Xia, CHEN Jie, et al. Planning and analysis of wind power-P2G and gas heating multi-energy coupling system[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 356-363.
[26]	郭晔, 石峻玮, 毛安家. 考虑需求响应的CCHP系统中分布式电源的选址定容[J]. 电力建设, 2017, 38(12): 43-50. doi: DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2017.12.006
	GUO Ye, SHI Junwei, MAO Anjia. Distributed power siting and sizing considering demand response in CCHP system[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2017, 38(12): 43-50. doi: DOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2017.12.006
[27]	权超, 董晓峰, 姜彤. 基于CCHP耦合的电力、天然气区域综合能源系统优化规划[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(8):2456-2466.
	QUAN Chao, DONG Xiaofeng, JIANG Tong. Optimization planning of integrated electricity-gas community energy system based on coupled CCHP[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(8): 2456-2466.
[28]	黄伟, 刘文彬. 基于多能互补的园区综合能源站-网协同优化规划[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(23):20-28.
	HUANG Wei, LIU Wenbin. Multi-energy complementary based coordinated optimal planning of park integrated energy station-network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(23): 20-28.
[29]	黄国日, 刘伟佳, 文福拴, 等. 具有电转气装置的电-气混联综合能源系统的协同规划[J]. 电力建设, 2016, 37(9):1-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000－7229.2016.09.001
	HUANG Guori, LIU Weijia, WEN Fushuan, et al. Collaborative planning of integrated electricity and natural gas energy systems with power-to-gas stations[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2016, 37(9): 1-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000－7229.2016.09.001
[30]	范宏, 刘巧宏, 周嘉新, 等. 气电联合系统的协同规划方法及应用[J]. 水电能源科学, 2019, 37(7): 205-208.
	FAN Hong, LIU Qiaohong, ZHOU Jiaxin, et al. Research on collaborative planning method of combined gas-electric systems[J]. Water Resources and Power, 2019, 37(7): 205-208.
[31]	陈志, 胡志坚, 翁菖宏, 等. 基于阶梯碳交易机制的园区综合能源系统多阶段规划[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2021, 41(9): 148-155.
	CHEN Zhi, HU Zhijian, WENG Changhong, et al. Multi-stage planning of park-level integrated energy system based on ladder-type carbon trading mechanism[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2021, 41(9): 148-155.
[32]	陈昌铭, 张群, 黄亦昕, 等. 考虑最优建设时序和云储能的园区综合能源系统优化配置方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(2): 24-32.
	CHEN Changming, ZHANG Qun, HUANG Yixin, et al. Optimal configuration method of park-level integrated energy system considering optimal construction time sequence and cloud energy storage[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(2): 24-32.
[33]	周步祥, 夏海东, 臧天磊. 考虑能量梯级利用的园区综合能源系统站网协同规划[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42(1): 20-27.
	ZHOU Buxiang, XIA Haidong, ZANG Tianlei. Station and network coordinated planning of park integrated energy system considering energy cascade utilization[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42(1): 20-27.
[34]	赵玺灵, 付林, 张世钢. 以SOFC为发电设备的热泵型BCCHP系统[J]. 太阳能学报, 2009, 30(11): 1496-1500.
	ZHAO Xiling, FU Lin, ZHANG Shigang. Heat pump type BCCHP system based on SOFC[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2009, 30(11): 1496-1500.
[35]	宋阳阳, 王艳松, 衣京波. 计及需求侧响应和热/电耦合的微网能源优化规划[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(11): 3469-3476.
	SONG Yangyang, WANG Yansong, YI Jingbo. Microgrid energy source optimization planning considering demand side response and thermo-electrical coupling[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(11): 3469-3476.
[36]	崔鹏程, 史俊祎, 文福拴, 等. 计及综合需求侧响应的能量枢纽优化配置[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2017, 37(6): 101-109.
	CUI Pengcheng, SHI Junyi, WEN Fushuan, et al. Optimal energy hub configuration considering integrated demand response[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2017, 37(6): 101-109.
[37]	蔡含虎, 向月, 杨昕然. 计及需求响应的综合能源系统容量经济配置及效益分析[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2019, 39(8): 186-194.
	CAI Hanhu, XIANG Yue, YANG Xinran. Economic capacity allocation and benefit analysis of integrated energy system considering demand response[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2019, 39(8): 186-194.
[38]	丁曦, 姜威, 郭创新, 等. 考虑需求响应的电/热/气云储能优化配置策略[J]. 电力建设, 2022, 43(3): 83-99. doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.03.010
	DING Xi, JIANG Wei, GUO Chuangxin, et al. Optimal configuration of electricity-heat-gas cloud energy storage considering demand response[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2022, 43(3): 83-99. doi: 10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2022.03.010
[39]	闫梦阳, 李华强, 王俊翔, 等. 计及综合需求响应不确定性的园区综合能源系统优化运行模型[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50(2): 163-175.
	YAN Mengyang, LI Huaqiang, WANG Junxiang, et al. Optimal operation model of a park integrated energy system considering uncertainty of integrated demand response[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50(2): 163-175.
[40]	刘文霞, 李征洲, 杨粤, 等. 计及需求响应不确定性的综合能源系统协同优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(10): 41-49.
	LIU Wenxia, LI Zhengzhou, YANG Yue, et al. Collaborative optimal configuration for integrated energy system considering uncertainties of demand response[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(10): 41-49.
[41]	WANG G B, XU Z, WEN F S, et al. Traffic-constrained multiobjective planning of electric-vehicle charging stations[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2013, 28(4): 2363-2372. doi: 10.1109/TPWRD.2013.2269142 URL
[42]	YAO W F, ZHAO J H, WEN F S, et al. A multi-objective collaborative planning strategy for integrated power distribution and electric vehicle charging systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2014, 29(4): 1811-1821. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2013.2296615 URL
[43]	艾芊, 郝然. 多能互补、集成优化能源系统关键技术及挑战[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(4): 2-10, 46.
	AI Qian, HAO Ran. Key technologies and challenges for multi-energy complementarity and optimization of integrated energy system[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4): 2-10, 46.
[44]	郝然. 多能互补和集成优化能源系统关键技术及挑战[J]. 能源研究与利用, 2018(2): 4-5, 8.
[45]	侯波. 城市规划的渐进决策模式探析[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2008.
	HOU Bo. A study of incremental urban planning model[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2008.
[46]	葛少云, 贾鸥莎. 配电变电站多阶段优化规划模型[J]. 电网技术, 2012, 36(10): 113-118.
	GE Shaoyun, JIA Ousha. Multi-stage model for optimal distribution substation planning[J]. Power System Technology, 2012, 36(10): 113-118.
[47]	李新, 魏俊, 叶圣永, 等. 一种含分布式电源的配电网多阶段规划方法: CN110909939A[P]. 2020-03-24.
	LI Xin, WEI Jun, YE Shengyong, et al. Multi-stage planning method for power distribution network containing distributed power supply: CN110909939A[P]. 2020-03-24.
[48]	张全明, 崔晓昱, 张笑弟, 等. 计及用户不确定性的多时段耦合需求响应激励优化策略[J/OL]. 中国电机工程报, 2022(2022-03-05) [2022-05-12]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220302.1738.005.html.
	ZHANG Quanming, CUI Xiaoyu, ZHANG Xiaodi, et al. Incentive optimization strategy of multi period coupling demand response considering user uncertainty[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2022(2022-03-05) [2022-05-12]. https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220302.1738.005.html.
[49]	BAHRAMI S, SHEIKHI A. From demand response in smart grid toward integrated demand response in smart energy hub[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2016, 7(2): 650-658.
[50]	秦羽飞, 葛磊蛟, 王波. 能源互联网群体智能协同控制与优化技术[J]. 华电技术, 2021, 43(9):1-13.
	QIN Yufei, GE Leijiao, WANG Bo. Swarm intelligence collaborative control and optimization technology of Energy Internet[J]. Huadian Technology, 2021, 43(9):1-13.
[51]	GE L J, LIU H X, YAN J, et al. Optimal integrated energy system planning with DG uncertainty affine model and carbon emissions charges[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2022, 13(2): 905-918. doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2021.3139109 URL
[52]	GE L J, LIU J H, WANG B, et al. Improved adaptive gray wolf genetic algorithm for photovoltaic intelligent edge terminal optimal configuration[J]. Computers and Electrical Engineering, 2021, 95: 107394. doi: 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2021.107394 URL
[53]	BOSCHERT S, ROSEN R. Digital twin:the simulation aspect[M]. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016:59-74.
[54]	王成山, 董博, 于浩, 等. 智慧城市综合能源系统数字孪生技术及应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(5): 1597-1608.
	WANG Chengshan, DONG Bo, YU Hao, et al. Digital twin technology and its application in the integrated energy system of smart city[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(5): 1597-1608.
[55]	刘静琨, 张宁, 康重庆. 电力系统云储能研究框架与基础模型[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(12): 3361-3371.
	LIU Jingkun, ZHANG Ning, KANG Chongqing. Research framework and basic models for cloud energy storage in power system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(12): 3361-3371.
[56]	LIU J K, ZHANG N, KANG C Q, et al. Cloud energy storage for residential and small commercial consumers: a business case study[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 188: 226-236. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.120 URL
[57]	葛磊蛟, 李元良, 陈艳波, 等. 智能配电网态势感知关键技术及实施效果评价[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(7): 2269-2280.
	GE Leijiao, LI Yuanliang, CHEN Yanbo, et al. Key technologies of situation awareness and implementation effectiveness evaluation in smart distribution network[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(7): 2269-2280.
[58]	葛磊蛟, 李元良, 汪宇倩. 智能配电网态势感知实现效果综合评估模型[J]. 天津大学学报(自然科学与工程技术版), 2020, 53(11): 1101-1111.
	GE Leijiao, LI Yuanliang, WANG Yuqian. Comprehensive evaluation model for situational awareness effects of a smart distribution network[J]. Journal of Tianjin University (Science and Technology), 2020, 53(11): 1101-1111.
[59]	GE L J, LI Y L, LI S X, et al. Evaluation of the situational awareness effects for smart distribution networks under the novel design of indicator framework and hybrid weighting method[J]. Frontiers in Energy, 2021, 15(1): 143-158. doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0703-2