Expert System for BIM 3D Design in Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Supported by Large Language Model

QI Lizhong; RONG Jingguo; ZHANG Su; HE Xin; LI Xiangzhong

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Expert System for BIM 3D Design in Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Supported by Large Language Model

QI Lizhong¹, RONG Jingguo¹, ZHANG Su¹, HE Xin², LI Xiangzhong²

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Abstract

[Objective] To address the issues of insufficient integration of traditional tool specifications and low efficiency in design validation within 3D design for power transmission and transformation projects, this study explores the collaborative mechanism between BIM and large language models to construct an intelligent design assistance system that enhances dynamic specification mapping and knowledge service capabilities. [Methods] A large language model-powered BIM 3D design expert system is proposed: 1) The Qwen2.5 model is used to parse specifications of power transmission and transformation projects, extract triplet structures, and build a knowledge graph; 2) A hybrid retrieval framework is developed to dynamically map BIM component attributes with knowledge entities, enhanced by vector-based knowledge databases for improved semantic matching; 3) RAG technology is integrated to build a question-answering system, enabling intelligent interaction between 3D models and specification data via the BIMbase platform. [Results] Application at the Xuzhou substation demonstrates: 1) Knowledge graph triplet extraction accuracy reaches 92%; 2) Coverage rate of BIM component-to-specification mapping achieves 85%; 3) The question-answering system has a response time of 1.5 seconds, with professional answer accuracy at 94% (a 31.2% improvement over the baseline). [Conclusion] This study innovatively establishes a dynamic collaboration mechanism between BIM and large language models, validating the effectiveness of knowledge graph-enhanced retrieval in power engineering design. Through bidirectional mapping between specifications and models and intelligent question-answering, the system significantly improves design quality, providing a scalable technical paradigm for smart grids.

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transmission and substation engineering / large language model / building information modeling（BIM） / knowledge graph / question answering system

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QI Lizhong, RONG Jingguo, ZHANG Su, HE Xin, LI Xiangzhong. Expert System for BIM 3D Design in Power Transmission and Transformation Engineering Supported by Large Language Model[J]. Electric Power Construction. 0

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