Design of Capacity Tariff Incentive Mechanism for Coal Power to Promote Energy Transition

L&#x000dc; Yuan; HE Yongxiu; TIAN Bingying; PANG Yuexia; LONG Mengyu

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Design of Capacity Tariff Incentive Mechanism for Coal Power to Promote Energy Transition

LÜ Yuan¹, HE Yongxiu¹, TIAN Bingying¹, PANG Yuexia², LONG Mengyu³

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Abstract

[Objective] To enhance the guiding role of the capacity tariff mechanism in facilitating energy transition and address the issues of imprecise compensation and insufficient incentives for low-carbon and highly flexible coal-fired generating units under the current mechanism, this study develops a capacity tariff optimization model that incorporates energy transition objectives for coal power units. [Methods] The study first analyzes the cost pass-through path of coal-fired units and constructs a three-layer nested modeling framework consisting of a unit operation decision model, a power market clearing model, and a capacity tariff optimization model, thereby forming a dynamic feedback chain among "unit-market-region-mechanism." On this basis, an incentive model for coal-fired units targeting energy transition is proposed, in which the incentive targets and compensation levels are determined based on unit flexibility and carbon emission levels using a sorting algorithm. Simulation analyses are conducted for typical days in new energy-rich and hydropower-rich regions, considering both regional and seasonal variations. [Results] Simulation resultsshow that the flexibility-based incentive strategy can effectively promote energy transition in scenarios with high ancillary service demand, but may inhibit transition in low-demand scenarios. In contrast, the carbon-based incentive strategy demonstrates stable and positive effects on energy transition across all regions and scenarios, indicating broad applicability. All proposed incentive strategies cause only marginal increases in end-user electricity prices (within 3.8 cents/kWh), confirming their economic viability. [Conclusions] The capacity tariff mechanism for coal-fired power units should be implemented with differentiated regional and seasonal strategies based on variations in power source composition and load characteristics. It is recommended to initially adopt a carbon-based incentive scheme in the current stage. As the penetration of renewable energy continues to rise, joint incentives based on both carbon emissions and flexibility should be gradually introduced to enhance the low-carbon performance and regulation capabilities of coal units, thereby supporting the development of a new-type power system and the achievement of energy transition goals.

Key words

energy transition / capacity tariff / coal-fired unit cost pass-through / energy impossible trinity

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LÜ Yuan, HE Yongxiu, TIAN Bingying, PANG Yuexia, LONG Mengyu. Design of Capacity Tariff Incentive Mechanism for Coal Power to Promote Energy Transition[J]. Electric Power Construction. 0

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Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 72204015) and Beijing Municipal Commission of Education Scientific Research Program Project (No. SM202310005003).