01 August 2019, Volume 40 Issue 8

    

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  Study on Optimal Capacity Planning of Building Integrated Energy System

  ZHANG Tao, HU Zechun, ZHANG Danyang

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 3-11. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.001

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  The efficiency of combined cooling heating and power （CCHP） is high on account of cascading energy utilization to meet the multiple load requirements. With the rapid development of renewable energy technology, integrated energy system incorporating with various renewable energies has been widely concerned. The multi-energy demands of different building types vary greatly in different regions. This paper obtains the typical building cooling, heating and power demands on the basis of the simulation of multi-energy demands, and analyzes the energy demand characteristics, which include the heat-power ratio and cooling-power ratio in different building types. Moreover, this paper deduces energy production, recycle, conversion and storage segments from energy utilization process. A mixed integer nonlinear programming model （MINLP） is built for above four segments in integrated energy system on the basis of the energy balance principle. The factors which have prominent influences on integrated energy system are identified. Simulation results show that the optimal configurations of integrated energy system and CCHP equipment, obtained by the proposed method, change with different locations and types of buildings.
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  Evaluation Method and Promotion Measures for Energy Supply Flexibility of Distribution System Containing Clean Energy in Rural Areas

  XIONG Ning, ZHANG Min, ZHU Wenguang, GE Shaoyun, ZHONG Shiyuan, SHU Jiao, XU Zhengyang

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 12-18. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.002

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  In view of the problem that the existing evaluation methods for distribution network flexibility cannot reflect the demand of rural distribution network for heat load in the heating season,  this paper proposes a method for evaluating the flexibility of rural distribution system containing clean energy and gives some improving measures. Firstly, the structure of rural distribution system containing clean energy is established, and the equipment model of household decentralized electric heating supply subsystem is constructed. Secondly, according to the feasibility of uncertain time-series load band, the basic idea of power supply flexibility evaluation for distribution system is proposed. Thirdly, on the basis of establishing uncertain region, day-ahead dispatching model of regional distribution network is constructed, solution method based on genetic algorithm is proposed, and the calculation method of flexibility index is proposed. The measures to improve the flexibility of rural distribution system containing clean energy are analyzed. Finally, the evaluation method and improving measures proposed in this paper are verified by analysis of an example.
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  Chance-constrained Programming for Distribution Substations Considering Uncertainty of Electric Load in Comprehensive Energy Stations

  ZHU Wenguang， ZHANG Changsheng， XIONG Ning， LU Zhiying， ZHANG Hua， XIAO Yuan， XIONG Yun

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 19-25. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.003

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  Under the background of the development of energy internet， integrated energy station has become an efficient and clean terminal energy carrier. Aiming at the uncertainty of power demand for integrated energy stations， a distribution substation planning method based on chance-constrained programming is proposed. Firstly， according to the components of integrated energy station， the multi-energy complementarity and uncertainty of power demand of integrated energy station in distribution network are analyzed. Secondly， the power demand of integrated energy station is constructed. The probabilistic distribution model of distribution substation chance-constrained programming is presented， and the method for checking the chance-constrained in substation planning is given. Then， the hierarchically improved weighted Voronoi-diagram algorithm is used to solve the substation planning model. Finally， the practicability of the proposed method is verified by an example analysis.
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  A Tie-line Power Smoothing Control Method for an Office Building Microgrid by Scheduling Thermal Mass of the Building and Plug-in Electric Vehicles

  DU Lijia， JIN Xiaolong， HE Wei， MU Yunfei， JIA Hongjie， WEI Wei

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 26-33. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.004

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  Aiming to facilitate a high penetration of renewable energy power generation and utilization level of the clean energy at the demand side， there is significant development of low-carbon building microgrids integrated with renewable energy power generation. However， renewable energy power generation is usually intermittent， which induces power mismatches between power demand and supply for the building microgrids. Therefore， a method for an office building microgrid is proposed to smooth the tie-line power by scheduling the virtual energy storage system of the building and the electric vehicles at two different time scales. Numerical studies demonstrated that the proposed method can fully utilize the flexibility of the user-side electric vehicles and energy storage system， and effectively smooth the fluctuations of the tie-line power for the office building microgrid.
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  Real-Time MPC Control Method for Tie-Line Power in Industrial Park Considering Integrated Energy Storage Devices

  XIAO Haiwei，SUN Jiuyan，LI Zhangyi，XIAO Hao，ZHANG Liang，HUANG Juan，PEI Wei

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 34-42. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.005

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  With complete infrastructure and numerous energy storage devices， the industrial parks have the potential to participate in day-ahead peak-load regulation and day-ahead real-time tracking control. There may be many factory buildings in the industrial park， and the types of production devices are different. By adjusting the traditional control method of tie-line power real-time controlled by gas turbine power output， it is difficult to take into account the relationship between various interest subjects under different assessment schemes. Therefore， from the perspective of the park， by using of disposable energy storage devices in the park to implement real-time control， can effectively coordinate the economic interests of all parties， and obtain good control effect. Mathematics model of gas storage， cooling storage， electricity storage and some other storage devices and the thermal model of the room are established in this paper. In response to the tie-line power fluctuations caused by forecast error of the photovoltaic， wind power and other clean energy， and at the same time to ensure a variety of energy storage devices to meet operating constraints and energy balance constraints of cooling， heat， electricity， gas load， this paper proposes an intra-day rolling optimization correction strategy on the basis of MPC. According to the results of day-ahead economic operation， operators can adjust the operating power of energy storage devices to eliminate the influence of uncertain factors in the microgrid， and to ensure the implementation of scheduling results of tracking. Taking an industrial park for battery production in southern China as an example， the effectiveness of the proposed optimization model and algorithm is verified by numerical analysis.
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  Day-ahead Optimal Scheduling Model of Integrated Energy System in Industrial Parks Considering Energy Storage Characteristics of Cooling-supply Areas in Buildings

  CHEN Houhe，LI Wenming，ZHANG Rufeng，QIAN Yeniu

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 43-50. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.006

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  For industrial parks， there are various types of energy sources and multi-energy complementarity characteristic. The energy storage characteristics of buildings on the user-side in industrial parks can provide additional operational flexibility and help respond to real-time electricity prices with a certain adjustment capability. This paper proposes a day-ahead scheduling model for an integrated energy system in an industrial park that considers the energy storage characteristics of the cooling areas. Firstly， the component modeling in the industrial park is carried out， and the energy storage model of the cooling areas based on detailed thermal model of buildings is further established. Then， with the objective function of minimizing the total operating cost of the integrated energy system in industrial park， the components and energy storage models are integrated into the scheduling model， and the scheduling framework is analyzed for optimal management. Finally， the validity of the model is verified by numerical simulation. The results show that the energy storage characteristics of the cooling areas can effectively reduce the purchased power and operating cost.
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  Energy Management of Industrial Park Integrated Energy System Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm

  GONG Jianfeng， CAO Yuchen， HU Zhibing， CHEN Xingyi， GE Pengjiang， ZHANG Peng

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 51-58. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.007

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  In view of the poor coordination and economy of energy management in the integrated energy system of industrial parks， this paper proposes an energy management method considering energy supply reliability. Firstly， the typical operation mode of integrated energy system is constructed， and the efficiency and economic model of the main components in the system are established. Secondly， considering the operation and maintenance cost of the devices and the energy interaction cost between the park and the main power grid， the economic dispatching model of integrated energy system is constructed， which takes the comprehensive generation cost as the objective function. The constraints are cooling and heating load balance， unit climbing power and energy supply reliability. Then， the encoding method of genetic algorithm is improved to solve the time series problem of energy management， and a new optimization algorithm is proposed. Finally， an example is given to verify the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method.
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  Analysis of the Optimization of Integrated Energy System Considering Energy Subsystems and Energy Storages

  ZHONG Yongjie， XIE Dongliang， SUN Yonghui， ZHAI Suwei， CHANG Fugang， ZHANG Mingli

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 59-68. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.008

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  In view of the fact that the key characteristic variables of coordinated operation of power， heat， gas， cooling and steam subsystems （PHGCSS） are not fully considered in integrated energy system （IES）， optimal day-ahead steady-state analysis of IES considering the key characteristic variables of energy subsystem is studied. Firstly， on the basis of multi-type load demand， energy hub （EH） and energy coupling mode are designed. On the basis of EH， the model architecture of energy station with PHGCSS is proposed. Secondly， the steady-state mathematical models of PHGCSS in IES are developed. On the basis of peak-valley time-of-use power price mechanism， the influence of power storage， heat storage and cooling storage on optimal day-ahead steady state of IES is analyzed. Then， a nonlinear optimization model for day-ahead steady-state IES is proposed under different load structures with PHGCSS. Finally， the numerical case verifies validity of optimal calculation and steady-state operation analysis for IES. The models and methods are suitable for optimal day-ahead steady-state analysis of IES containing PHGCS and dynamic economic dispatch， which can reasonably reflect operation characteristics of IES.
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  Study on Optimization Technology of Peak-shaving Capacity Improvement and Wind Power Consumption Considering the Difference of Terminal “Heat Storage”

  ZHU Jinju， ZHAO Qingsong，LIU Chenggang，WANG Yong，LI Qionghui，LONG Hongyu

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 69-76. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.009

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   In order to further improve the peak-shaving ability of the terminal and promote the wind power consumption， a technology for improving the peak-shaving capacity and optimizing the wind power consumption considering the difference of the terminal “storage heat” is proposed. Firstly， according to the users electric load， heat load， heating temperature and other data， the difference of terminal heat load is analyzed. Secondly， the difference of terminal “heat storage” is analyzed on the basis of variables such as disturbance unit price， disturbance duration and heating temperature. Finally， using the scene analysis， this paper constructs different terminal thermal load spatial distribution scenarios and performs simulation calculation based on the proposed technology. The main results are as follows： 1） The wind power consumption of the near-end heat load is increased by 7.23%； 2） Load fluctuation of different types of users are within the range of their respective acceptance， the maximum fluctuation of users of class A is 6 °C， and the temperature of c users of class C is 30 °C. 3） The increase of wind power consumption and thermal power plant revenue show the technical and economic feasibility of the proposed strategy.
  
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  Research on Vehicle-Storage-Heat Joint Dispatching Strategy for Wind Power Consumption

  ZHOU Siyu，LIU Chenggang， GE Yangyang，ZHAO Qingsong，LI Qionghui，WANG Caixia，LONG Hongyu

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 77-83. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.010

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  Good demand-side management can effectively cope with the uncertainty of wind power and improve the wind power consumption. However， the traditional demand-side management mechanism is limited by the single element of participation， which seriously affects the efficiency of resource utilization. Therefore， this paper proposes a vehicle-storage-heat joint dispatching strategy for wind power consumption. Firstly， this paper establishes the non-uniform characteristic model of demand-side user heat load， and regards the differential heat load as virtual heat storage. Secondly， according to the energy storage characteristics of electric vehicle， the electric vehicle charging and discharging model is established. Subsequently， comprehensive considering the users disturbance cost and battery depreciation cost， a scheduling strategy with target of the largest wind power consumption is established. Finally， the case analysis is carried out on GAMS software， and compared with the scheduling strategy without considering the participation of electric vehicles. The results show that through the proposed method of the coordinated scheduling of electric vehicles， heat pumps and thermoelectric unit， the wind power consumption is increased by 25.42%， and the input-output ratio decreased by 10.3%.
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  Analysis Method for Cascade Failure and Fault Chain Reaction of Integrated Energy System

  HUAN Jiajia， SUI Yu， ZHANG Xiaohui

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 84-92. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.011

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  With the deepening of the construction of energy internet and integrated energy system， the coupling characteristics between different energy systems have been further deepened. In view of the fact that the influence of fault propagation in the integrated energy system have not been deeply analyzed at this stage， and the problem of fault linkage of different energy subsystems have not been taken into account， this paper puts forward the analysis method for cascade failure and fault chain reaction of integrated energy system. Firstly， taking integrated energy system as the research object，  the fault chain failure mechanism of integrated energy system is analyzed from the macro level， and the fault effects of natural gas system， power system and heat system are analyzed in detail. Secondly， the evaluation index of chain fault reaction of integrated energy system is put forward from two dimensions of topological integrity and failure cascade loudness， and the analysis flow of chain fault influence is combed. Finally， the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method are verified by a test example of an integrated energy system.
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  Reliability Assessment of Rural Clean Energy Supply System Based on Accurate Modeling of User Demand

  ZHANG Jinhua， TIAN Shaomei， ZHANG Guiting， ZHANG Qiang， LIU Hai， ZHANG Baojian， LIU Yulong

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 93-102. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.012

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  The popularity of electric heating equipment in rural areas has led to an increase of the peak load of electricity. In order to ensure the reliability of the power system， the indoor building heat balance and the flexible comfort requirements of users can be comprehensively considered. So we propose a reliability assessment method for rural clean energy supply system on the basis of accurate modeling of user demand. Firstly， the architecture of rural clean energy supply system is constructed， including the grid-side equipment model and user-side building heat balance model. Secondly， we model the users flexible comfort requirements， which derive indicators of the reliability of energy supply considering flexible comfort requirements. Thirdly， the method of fault impact analysis for rural clean energy supply system is proposed， and the load reduction strategy at failure time and the process of reliability assessment are formulated. Finally， through practical examples， we compare the reliability index whether considering the users flexible comfort requirements and the building heat balance characteristics， which prove the improvement of the reliability of energy supply of the whole system due to the proposed method.
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  Study on Energy Utilization Maximization of Integrated Energy System Considering Short-term Energy Supply

  LIU Xiaolong，LI Xinran，LIU Zhipu，LU Yinghua，LUO Zhen，LIU Mingshuang

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 103-111. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.013

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  In this paper， the problem of energy maximization in a short time scale is studied when the integrated energy system is offline. Firstly， an optimal dispatching strategy considering multi-energy flow coordination is proposed to meet the short-term energy demand of important loads under isolated networks. The strategy divides the whole system into wind-solar-storage power generation system and combined cooling and heat supply system. According to the principle of maximizing energy utilization， the output priority of each energy supply device is formulated. On this basis， a coordinated optimal dispatching strategy for multi-energy storage units is formulated for wind-solar-storage power generation system. Each energy storage unit is charged/discharged according to the ratio of dispatchable capacity， and the capacity of each energy storage unit is maximized in a short time. For the combined cooling and heating system， a dynamic setting method of minimum reserved electric power PQ.Lmin for gas engine is developed. The value of PQ.Lmin is dynamically adjusted according to the energy supply situation in different periods， so that the gas engine can always operate in the most efficient status and output the maximum cold/heat/electric energy. Through an example analysis， the proposed strategy can make full use of a variety of energy supply device in a short time， effectively prolong the energy supply time， achieve the maximum utilization of energy in a short time， and verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
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  Optimal IES Scheduling Considering Independent Energy Supply to Important Loads After Unplanned Off-grid

  LIU Zhipu， LI Xinran， LENG Hua， LIU Xiaolong， HUANG Keqi， SUN Rui

  Electric Power Construction. 2019, 40(8): 112-120. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7229.2019.08.014

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  This paper optimizes the integrated energy system （IES） at the time of grid connection on the basis of considering energy supply to the important loads after unplanned off-grid. Firstly， taking economic scheduling as the goal， considering different energy conversion efficiency and energy constraints， we establish a day-ahead economic optimization scheduling model with multiple forms of energy sources including cooling， heating and electric power. On this basis， a dynamic constraint method for the SOC of energy storage is proposed according to the energy demand of important loads after unplanned off-grid， and the energy storage capacity is fully utilized on the basis of ensuring important loads. Finally， using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the model and determining the multi-energy flow coordinated optimization scheduling scheme. The analysis of the example shows that the SOC of energy storage can be constrained dynamically according to the scheme proposed in this paper， which can fully exert the role of “peak load shifting” of energy storage within the constraint range， and has obvious economic advantages compared with the traditional distribution method. At the same time， the established grid-connected economic optimization scheduling model can ensure that energy supply requirements of important loads can be met after unplanned off-grid at any time.